In the article, the author considers the need for the development and subsequent experimental confirmation of the effectiveness of the methodology of the activity orientation of the system of physical training of employees of internal affairs bodies, including cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The analysis of the system of physical training of employees of domestic law enforcement agencies conducted by the author suggests that since its creation in the second half of the XIX century, it has been based on systems of self-defense and hand-to-hand combat based on martial arts. The author's study of the genesis of the system of physical training of employees of the internal affairs bodies of Russia through a specific historical method has revealed the need for a sports component in the system, the role of which has been assigned to SAMBO wrestling for several decades. However, in the 1950s. the most important component of consistency — hierarchy, which was expressed in the primacy and subordination of the sports part of the system to its combat (applied) part, was excluded from the professionally applied physical training of Soviet police officers, which predetermined the distortion of the essence of the orientation of the physical training of employees. Changes are necessary at the methodological level, since it is the methodology that has a normative function, respectively, it has the opportunity to change the orientation of the current system of physical training. The author emphasizes that modern pedagogy assumes an activity-oriented orientation of education, as indicated by academician A.M. Novikov, who is considered the creator of modern practical methodology, as well as the corresponding theory of education and pedagogy. The academician noted that the activity orientation of education means the priority of acquiring the skills of the upcoming professional activity by students, and not only a set of knowledge about this activity, which characterizes the «knowledge» paradigm, which defines the methodology of the current system of «fragmented» orientation of physical training of employees. However, it is the activity orientation of the physical training of employees of the internal affairs bodies and the appropriate methodology that should ensure their high-quality professional training of employees to perform the most important tasks provided for by Russian legislation and the requirements of practical divisions of the internal affairs bodies of Russia. The author set the goal of the work — within the framework of the dissertation research, to scientifically substantiate and develop a methodology for the activity orientation of physical training of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, which ensures a high level of their readiness to solve tactical tasks and achieve strategic goals in the emerging extreme conditions of professional activity related to countering offenders through physical force, as well as experimentally confirm the effectiveness of this methodology. In accordance with the set goal, the author defined the objectives of the study. The author scientifically substantiates that the methodology, built in accordance with the activity paradigm, determines the hierarchical structure of the physical training system, the sports part serves as a subsystem, and the applied part in the form of fighting techniques serves as a super-system. Such a system is implemented in the corresponding activity-oriented general methodology of physical training, the model of which is the developed author's technology of physical activity orientation of cadets training. The technology is based on three developed author's techniques, the effectiveness of which was previously experimentally confirmed. The pedagogical experiment conducted by the author confirmed the effectiveness of the developed technology of activity-oriented physical training of cadets. The analysis of the final results of the experiment allowed us to establish the fact of changes in the indicators of the cadets' readiness, both technical and tactical (demonstration) and tactical and technical (manifested in the conditions of confrontation). The presented conclusion indicates that the effectiveness of the author's technology based on the methods of activity-oriented training has been confirmed experimentally, which allows us to assert the effectiveness of the developed methodology of activity-oriented physical training, providing the appropriate structure, content and orientation of the system of physical training of employees, including cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.